Robin Turns 80!
Batman’s sidekick Robin
debuted in 1940 in Detective Comics #38. While he was 8 years old when he
debuted, he’s been around as a character for 80 years now. My, how time flies
when you’re galivanting about Gotham, combating crime!
In that legendary
first appearance, The Flying Graysons, comprised of young Dick Grayson and his
father and mother, are putting on a high-flying trapeze act in a small town
outside of Gotham City. During a particularly dangerous act—the triple
spin—Dick watches from below as his parents “fly through the air with the
greatest of ease.” But then the ropes snap, and they plunge to their death,
much to their son’s horror. Gangsters running a protection racket had put acid
on the ropes as the circus owner refused to pay for said protection.
Watching from the
audience is Bruce Wayne, who, as Batman, confronts young Grayson after the
accident and warns him not to go to the police because the town is run by Boss
Zucco, and he would be dead inside of an hour if he told the cops. Bruce takes
Grayson into his home as his ward, has him swear an oath to fight crime and
stay on the path of righteousness, and trains him in boxing, jujutsu, and other
such disciplines. Grayson is already a trained circus acrobat, so he’s a quick
study. And, poof, a superhero sidekick his born!
The story was
written by Batman co-creator Bob Finger (who didn’t get sufficient credit for
his Batman work for many years), the pencils were by Batman’s more famous
co-creator Bob Kane (who would often claim sole credit as Batman and Robin’s
sole creator), and the inks were provided by Jerry Robinson.
In an old
interview with Finger, who passed away in 1974, the scribe revealed the
inspiration behind the boy sidekick. “Robin was an outgrowth of a conversation
I had with Bob,” he said. “Batman was a combination of Douglas Fairbanks and
Sherlock Holmes. Holmes had his Watson. The thing that bothered me was that
Batman didn't have anyone to talk to, and it got a little tiresome always
having him thinking. I found that as I went along Batman needed a Watson to
talk to. That's how Robin came to be. Bob called me over and said he was going
to put a boy in the strip to identify with Batman. I thought it was a great
idea.”
The debut Robin
story is primitively and quickly told (obviously, you can’t simply take a child
you don’t know home from the circus right on the spot, even if their parents get
killed), and the art is crude compared to something like Hal Foster’s work on Prince
Valiant, the adventure strip that debuted in newspapers the previous year.
However, there’s a lot of energy on the pages, and the fast pacing makes for a
fun read. Despite his youth and inexperience, Robin goes into action solo
against some bad guys and gets the best of them. Like Batman, Robin has a
utility belt and fights crime sans superpowers.
As the story
closes, we see our heroes engaged in this cornball exchange:
Bruce: “Okay, you
reckless young squirt, I ought to whale you for jumping those men alone. Why
didn’t you wait for me?”
Dick: “Ah! I
didn’t want to miss any of the fun! Say, I can hardly wait till we go on our
next case. I bet It’ll be a corker!”
Robin’s unsophisticated
debut tale took up just 12 pages of a comic book that was 68 pages in length,
but that comic book is now worth the price of a small house. In 2009, a 9.4
CGC-graded example sold at auction for $107,550. Robin’s first time to go it
alone was in Detective Comics #41 (July, 1940), and that issue is worth
around $8,000 to $10,000 in near mint condition. A few years later, Robin
appeared on the cover of Star Spangled Comics #65 (February, 1947),
kickstarting a series of solo stories that lasted until that series concluded
with issue #130. If you can find a pristine copy of Star Spangled Comics
#65, expect to pay around $2,000 to $3,000.

A trailblazer, Robin
started a trend in comics of superheroes having sidekicks, such as Captain America’s
Bucky, Aquaman’s Aqualad, and Flash’s Kid Flash. Thanks to his decades-long pairing
with Batman (they are often called the “Dynamic Duo” or the “Caped Crusaders”),
and his presence in such shows as the Adam West Batman (where he was
played by Burt Ward) and the Saturday morning cartoon The Super Friends
(where he was voiced by Casey Kasem), he’s also become one of the most famous
superheroes of all time. Tons of merchandise, including multiple action figures
by an assortment of companies, adds to Robin’s pop culture legacy as well.
When Batman
debuted, he was a grim, darkly clad avenger who brandished a firearm instead of
a partner in crimefighting. (Batman later swore off guns.) The brightly colored
Robin, who was inspired in part by Robin Hood, changed that dynamic (so to
speak), giving kids a spunky young hero they could relate to.
“On his own, the
Batman of 1939 was a pretty dark character, a loner in the night,” says comic
book writer Paul Kupperberg, a former editor for DC Comics. “Early on, he
sometimes carried a gun and would use it. But I think as comic books proved
themselves to be largely kiddie literature, DC realized they needed to take
some of the edge off the character. Robin was introduced to soften Batman and,
even if they didn’t realize it at the time, he also gave the kid readers an ‘in’
to the stories, a character they could identify with other than this harsh guy
dressed in black and gray. As soon as Robin came in, the tone of the stories
changed, giving the strip a sense of familiar domesticity.”
Though Batman did appear
in solo stories, such as when Dick Grayson when off to college (Batman
#217), the original Dick Grayson version of Robin remained a steady presence in
various Batman titles and other DC-published comic books for decades. Robin
helped form the Teen Titans (The Brave and the Bold #60), battled the
Joker, the Riddler, the Penguin, and countless other villains, teamed up with
such heroes as Batgirl and Superman, and in general remained a noble,
lighthearted hero.

During the early
1980s, Robin grew out of his sidekick role. In the pages of The New Teen Titans, where Robin served for years as a leader of the team, he became an
adult, scrapped the Robin identity, and took on the mantle of Nightwing. Like
Robin, Nightwing lacked superpowers and used an assortment of gadgets for
fighting crime, but Nightwing’s darker costume and more serious demeanor were
in stark contrast to Robin. Created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George
Pérez, Grayson’s Nightwing persona debuted in Tales of the Teen Titans #44 (July, 1984),
an issue worth more than $100 if graded 9.6 by CGC. Copies graded at 9.8 have
sold for more than $500. Unslabbed examples in excellent condition can be found
for as little as $50 or $60.
Kupperberg says
he’s “not necessarily a fan” of Nightwing, but he certainly understood the
reasoning behind the creation of the character.
“The way the
market and audience had evolved, adult characters could stay unchanged at an
indeterminate age forever,” he says. “Kid characters had to grow-up, otherwise
they were just eternally whining trip-hazards for the heroes. Robin, being the
first, had to catch up with the rest of the kids, especially with what was
going on in Teen Titans.”
Various Robins
followed in the wake of Dick Grayson maturing into Nightwing, including Jason
Todd, who was memorably (if temporarily) killed off by the Joker in a marketing
stunt, Tim Drake, who received a long ongoing series of his own, Stephanie
Brown, the daughter of minor Batman rogue the Cluemaster, and Damian Wayne, the
son of Bruce Wayne and Talia al Ghul There was even a “Robin War” storyline
that ran through several DC titles published a few years ago.
Despite all those replacement
Robins, for many fans and creators Dick Grayson will always be Batman’s one and
only true sidekick.
Kupperberg agrees with this sentiment. “I think Robin’s legacy is as the first kid sidekick and one of the leaders of the next generation of heroes,” he says. “When it comes to my DC comic book characters, I'm an originalist. They can put whoever they want in those costumes and call them the ‘Spectre,’ ‘Batman, or ‘Robin’ or whoever, but they're not. As far as I'm concerned, Jim Corrigan is the Specrtre. Bruce Wayne is the Batman. And Dick Grayson is the Robin. Theirs are the real stories; the ones featuring these Johnnys-came-later secret identities are the fiction.”
